Aerospace unions to confront anti-union campaigns

Aerospace unions from North America, Europe, South America, Africa and Asia discussed the new and innovative strategies for organizing the unorganized throughout the world, from South Carolina to Shanghai and Morocco to Mobile, Alabama.

Some 75 participants discussed negotiating collective bargaining agreements that will improve wages, benefits and provide job security and retirement security to the millions of aerospace workers throughout the world.

Sector co-chair and IAM International President, Bob Martinez, said:

“We have the opportunity to continue building on efforts to bring justice and dignity to all of the world’s aerospace workers through union strength. This is opportunity to build a global aerospace workers movement that will rival the global aerospace companies.”

During the conference, participants discussed increasing anti-union and anti-worker extremism that seeks to crush the fundamental human right to join a real union that is free from government or company control. Participants also discussed continued outsourcing of unionized work within or outside production countries, often to nonunionized workforces in countries like China, where fundamental human rights like the right to form a union and engage in collective bargaining are either not recognized or not enforced. Discussion also included unfair competition from countries like China that do not abide by international trade rules and demand the transfer of technology and production in return for aircraft sales, rather than fair trade and a level playing field.

Participants focused on anti-union campaigns being waged by the managements of the world’s two largest commercial aerospace companies: Boeing and Airbus. Taking a page from the most notorious union busting companies in the world, Boeing management spent millions of dollars to keep its workers in South Carolina from joining the IAM. Not to be outdone, Airbus management is putting on an anti-union campaign in Alabama, in direct violation of IndustriALL’s Global Framework Agreement with the company.

In view of the current situation in Alabama, participants called on IndustriALL to review its agreement with Airbus. Participants also asked IndustriALL to coordinate organizing campaigns at Airbus and Boeing.

Participants called on all affiliates to recommit their efforts to:

Delegates thanked outgoing Aerospace Director Brian Kohler for his work with the sector and pledged to work closely with his successor.

Towards the creation of a national metal federation in Morocco

Some 30 union representatives from the auto and auto components sectors attended an IndustriALL Global Union meeting in Casablanca on 23-24 March 2017 to develop an action plan against the backdrop of a rapidly expanding automotive industry. They agreed to establish a national metal federation that would bring together the auto and wiring, electronics and ICT, steel, and aerospace sectors. Preparatory committees were put in place for each of those sectors. The four committees convened their first joint meeting on 1 April in the headquarters of UMT in Casablanca.

The auto industry in Morocco is booming and its supply chain widening fast with the arrival of new players from across the world. With its 135,000-strong workforce, this industry has become the primary export sector and is plays a pivotal role in the country’s development.

The proximity of European markets makes it an attractive sourcing destination for the major auto manufacturers. Besides the Renault factory in Tangier with over 7,000 jobs, PSA Peugeot Citroën is building a plant in Kenitra on Morocco’s Atlantic coast that will go on stream in 2019.   

The expansion of the auto sector means that there is great organizing potential, particularly in the key regions of Tangier, Kenitra and the Casablanca industrial zone. 

On 20 March, the Moroccan king launched a new industrial city near Tangier to host 200 Chinese companies. The new project aims to generate 100,000 jobs, mainly in the aerospace, automotive, textile and garment industries, with a total investment from China up to US $10 billion over 10 years. 

Meeting participants discussed the challenges facing workers. Although the national labour code guarantees freedom of association and collective bargaining, the reality is different and workers’ rights are circumvented in many ways.

A particular issue is the prevalence of temporary work contracts in the sector and company outsourcing policy. Delegates put strong emphasis on the need for information exchange on the companies operating in the country, and for training to improve organizing and negotiating skills to become constructive partners in social dialogue.

At an IndustriALL workshop on 18-19 March on collective agreements in the aerospace sector, 21 UMT aerospace union leaders sector discussed mechanisms and strategies on how to negotiate, improve and expand the scope of collective agreements at company and sector level in Morocco. Union representatives from companies including Anapec, RFM, Bombardier, UMPM, Socaero-Daher, ASM–Aero and Stelia particpated.

The aerospace sector continues to expand in North Africa as unions consolidate power to address workers’ challenges.

UMT leaders expressed their support for the process of creating a national metal federation founded on democratic principles.

Kemal Özkan, IndustriALL assistant general secretary said:

“IndustriALL congratulates our Moroccan sisters and brothers from UMT on consolidating their power under a strong sectoral national structure. This is in line with IndustriALL’s global objective in building union power. This is how we should go about forming powerful unions in the MENA region.”

Machinists Union faces crucial vote at Boeing in the US South

IndustriALL Global Union affiliate the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM) is heading for a crucial vote in Charleston, South Carolina. On 15 February, almost 3,000 Boeing workers are due to vote on union recognition.
 
The election is seen as a crucial test case for the union movement’s ability to organize in the Trump era. A successful vote would be a rebuke for Trump’s anti-union policies, and a victory against his divisive racism. About one third of the workers at the plant are African American.
 
The US South is notoriously hard to organize. Wages and union density are low, collective bargaining cover is sparse, and politicians are often partisan opponents of unions.
 
South Carolina is a “Right to Work” state, meaning it has adopted law allowing non-union members to benefit from union contracts without contributing to them. The state has the lowest level of unionization in the US.
 
The IAM, and other US unions, argue that the motive behind Right to Work is to destroy unions and “transfer even more money and power to corporate elites”. US President Donald Trump has signaled that he intends to extend Right to Work to federal level, seen by many as a fundamental assault on unions.
 
Many companies have shifted production to the South in recent years, to take advantage of low wages and weak unions. After closing a plant in Washington state, Boeing opened the South Carolina plant in 2011. Since then it has produced more than 100 787 Dreamliner planes.
 
The IAM represents about 35,000 Boeing workers, mostly in Washington state. In 2015, the union withdrew from a recognition election at the Charleston plant after political interference and a massive campaign of disinformation from the company.
 
IndustriALL aerospace director Brian Kohler said:


 “The election of Donald Trump is a challenge and a threat to working people everywhere. A union victory in South Carolina would be a powerful sign that we can fight back.
 
“IndustriALL sends international solidarity, and urges Boeing workers to vote Yes for a union.”

North African aerospace unions come together to build power

The meeting was the first to bring together aerospace sector trade union representatives from the region, and follows a number of national meetings held in Tunisia and Morocco in late 2015 and 2016.
 
The meeting was attended by 35 delegates from the Moroccan trade union centre Union Marocaine du Travail (UMT), Confédération Démocratique du Travail (CDT), the IndustriALL Global Union affiliate from Morocco Syndicat National des Travailleurs des Industries Métallurgiques, Mécaniques, Electriques et Electroniques (SNTIMMEE-CDT), and Tunisian affiliate Fédération Générale de la Métallurgie et de l'Electronique (FGME-UGTT).

The aerospace sector in the Maghreb is booming. Foreign companies, many of them French-owned, have opened new production facilities in Morocco and Tunisia, taking advantage of the region’s proximity to global supply chains.
 
The delegates at the meeting represent workers at 14 aerospace companies, including Bombardier, Stelia, Ratier-Figeac, ASM Aero, Mecaprotec Aéro, Eurocast, Daher, UTC Aerospace and Zodiac.
 
The growth of the sector means there are potentially thousands of new members who can be drawn into the trade union movement. Following the expansion of the sector, and working with IndustriALL, unions have taken action to build power.  In Morocco, the UMT is currently working on creating a metal union to include aerospace workers, and the CDT established a unified union office for aerospace workers. Similarly, Tunisian metal union FGME-UGTT has created a section for the sector.
 
The meeting adopted an action plan based on the five strategic objectives endorsed by the IndustriALL Congress in Rio de Janeiro in October 2016.
 
The action plan includes commitments to

A major priority will be working together across the sector at national level, and creating company networks at regional level.
 
IndustriALL aerospace director Brian Kohler said:
 
“The discussions at this meeting were very intense, and of a high quality. We have achieved better dialogue and communications between unions in the region.
 
The action plan will help us to build a strong union presence in this growing sector, and potentially recruit thousands of new members.”

Global Finmeccanica trade union network established

This Italian multinational company represents 70 per cent of the aerospace and defence industries in Italy and also has important production in the UK, USA, France, Germany, Spain, Poland, Australia, Canada and elsewhere.

Around 38 per cent of the total workforce of 47,000 is organized in IndustriALL affiliates. The company has gone through a period of restructuring. Now the unified company, established in its current form as of 1 January 2016, will have a unified workforce as an international counterpart.

IndustriALL Global Union Aerospace Director Brian Kohler welcomed the new network:

“The Action Plan adopted by this group today sets out a structure and joint programme that will conduct social dialogue with Finmeccanica across borders. First we call on the company to establish a proper European Works Council in line with its legal obligations and then also to recognize our global network through addressing our common concerns.”

Those common concerns include:

The new Finmeccanica brings together different cultures and relationships with unions, and this network will now put the company’s commitment to labour standards to the test.

The issue of an ageing workforce is common in all countries and the unions are calling for investment in training and research into new technology to ensure sustainable jobs.

Hosted by Italian affiliates FIM-CISL, FIOM-CGIL and UILM-UIL, the initiative follows a decision by the IndustriALL World Aerospace Conference in Berlin, 2015.

The aerospace and defence industries as a whole is forecasted to grow over the coming years, and continues to be majorly important in the global economy, employing 8.7 million people directly and creating a total of 58.1 million jobs.

During the meeting, in the context of the discussion on trade and China, the meeting participants expressed their solidarity and support with European and British steel workers.

The group also expressed solidarity with metalworkers of FIM, FIOM, and UILM who will conduct a national strike on 20 April 2016 rejecting an insulting offer from the Italian employers' association in collective bargaining.

Aerospace – a booming sector in the MENA region

Kemal Özkan, assistant general secretary of IndustriALL Global Union, says:

“It is clear that the economic aspect is prevalent in a new and expanding sector. So it is imperative that the workers’ voices are strengthened and heard at the industry level in both Tunisia and Morocco. IndustriALL will continue to work with its affiliates in both countries to enhance their positions in industry level bargaining. “

Aerospace – a strategic industry in Morocco

On 18 November 2015, around 20 union leaders from different companies representing aerospace workers from both Moroccan trade union national centres UMT and CDT met in Casablanca for an IndustriALL workshop.

Meeting for the first time, union leaders shared their main challenges and perspectives on the need to strengthen union power in the fast growing sector, given the lack of industry level bargaining.

While employers are organized into the Moroccan Aerospace Industries Association(GIMAS), workers experience little union sectorial work and training. 

According to the participants and GIMAS, the aerospace sector took off in 2000 when it was considered one of Morocco’s new strategic industries. Today, there are more than 100 aerospace companies in Morocco, including EADS, Safran, Boeing, Labinal, SNECMA, Arcolle Maroc, Stelia Maroc, Bombardier, Intertronic, Zodiac, with many of them located in Casablanca. According to GIMAS, there are 8,000 qualified workers in the industry, but union leaders say the real figure is much higher.

Participants identified the following as key challenges:

Strengthening workers’ voices in Tunisia

The aerospace industry in Tunisia is booming, with about 65 companies operating in Tunisia, including Mecany, Stelia, Sabena, Technics, Zodiac aerospace and Aerolia. Together they employ around 7,500, but according to union leaders, there are more workers in the sector.

On 30 November 2015, around 22 participants from the aerospace companies and the leadership of IndustriALL affiliate Fédération Générale de la Métallurgie et de l'Electronique – FGME-UGTT participated in a workshop on building union power in the aerospace sector in Tunisia.

Focusing on the challenges for the workers in the industry, participants mapped the key companies and drew up guidelines for their joint work. As in the case of Morocco, unionists from different aerospace companies met each other for the first time in their first joint activity. For many participants, this was a new experience of union work.

Many of the challenges faced by workers are similar to the ones in Morocco. But in Tunisia’s metal sector, unions have either sectorial or framework agreements at an industry level, while unions in the aerospace sector have so far no direct bargaining with the employers’ organization, the Tunisian Aerospace Industries Association, GITAS.

Participants at both workshops in Tunisia and Morocco concluded by laying down the key priorities for creating a strong negotiating partner for workers that can discuss workers’ demands at industry level, and negotiate with the governments and employers’ organizations. This included joint work with IndustriALL on strengthening aerospace unions’ capacities on organizing, education and sectorial union work.

Following the action plan, on 10 and 11 February 2016, IndustriALL and FGME-UGTT conducted a workshop on raising the organizing skills of aerospace workers.

Tahar Berberi, member of IndustriALL’s executive committee and general secretary of FGME-UGTT says: “We are insistent on implementing the action plan aimed at improving the working conditions in the sector. Capacity building and organizing have a genuine effect on developing the union work in the aerospace sector in Tunisia.”

Houcine Abassi, general secretary of UGTT opened the workshop and said, “It is now important to build union capacities in the aerospace sector in Tunisia. This sector employs large numbers of youth and women and developing their union skills is necessary”.

Spain: the Airbus 8 acquitted

The eight trade unionists, members of IndustriALL Global Union affiliates, CC.OO de Industria and MCA-UGT, were charged after joining hundreds of workers in a general strike in September 2010, against austerity measures and changes to the Spanish labour code.

The eight men have consistently denied the charges of ‘acting with violence’ and ‘attacking the right to work’, and after the trial concluded on 12 February the Court acquitted the Airbus 8.
 
“Today is a great day for democracy,” said José Alcazar, president of the Airbus works council and one of the trade unionists charged. “This is important not only for the eight but for the whole labour movement in our country.”
 
The eight workers, Tomás García, Enrique Gil, Rodolfo Malo, José Alcazar, Raúl Fernández, Armando Barco, Jerónimo Martín and Edgar Martín, had been charged under Article 315.3 of the Spanish Penal Code, which allows for prison sentences for picketing trade unionists.
 
The law dates back to the Franco regime and has been labeled an attack on trade unions and the right to strike by the union movement.
 
Trade unions in Spain have protested vehemently against the charges, supported by the international labour movement. On 9 February, thousands of people including representatives of IndustriALL Global Union and industriAll Europe marched on the streets of Madrid to protest against the trial.
 
“This is a victory for the Spanish unions and for the workers who were exercising their fundamental rights,” says Jyrki Raina, IndustriALL Global Union general secretary. “But we continue to support our affiliates in their demands to drop charges in other similar cases and to repeal Article 315.3, which criminalizes the right to strike.”

Spain: thousands join march against trade unionist trial

The eight workers, who belong to IndustriALL Global Union affiliates, CC.OO de Industria and MCA-UGT, were charged after joining a picket at the gates of Airbus in Getafe, in the Madrid suburbs, as part of a general strike on 29 September 2010.

As the trial began today, IndustriALL joined Spanish unions, as well as industriAll Europe and members of Airbus unions in Belgium and France, in the lively march to the Getafe courts in support of the ‘Airbus 8’.

It is the first of a series of demonstrations planned for the four-day trial, which is set to conclude on Friday.

The severity of the punishment proposed by the prosecutor, at eight years and three months for each worker, is being condemned as an attack by Spanish authorities on trade unions and the right to strike.

The eight trade unionists, Tomás García, Enrique Gil, Rodolfo Malo, José Alcazar, Raúl Fernández, Armando Barco, Jerónimo Martín and Edgar Martín, have all been charged under Article 315.3 of the Spanish Penal Code, which allows for prison sentences for picketing trade unionists.

More than 300 trade unionists are currently facing prison in Spain under the same law, which until recently, was reportely last used under General Franco's dictatorship.

IndustriALL’s general secretary, Jyrki Raina, said:

“It is beyond belief that Spain is resorting to antiquated and oppressive legislation to imprison workers for exercising their fundamental right to strike. The attempts by Spanish authorities to silence trade unions and intimidate workers are a sad step backwards for democracy.”  

The eight defendants had joined several hundred workers outside the Airbus who were protesting against austerity measures and changes to the labour code as part of a general strike in Spain. The peaceful protest ended in panic after riot police fired shots into the air and people rushed for shelter with several people becoming injured. The eight men strongly deny the charges of ‘acting with violence’ and ‘attacking the right to work’.

Today’s march was led by the general secretary of Spanish confederation CCOO, Ignacio Fernández Toxo and Cándido Mendez, general secretary of the UGT confederation. The demonstration coincided with a strong social media campaign saying “To strike is not a crime” (#LaHuelgaNoEsDelita) and “They are not 8, we are thousands” (No son 8, somos miles). 

Union power taking off in aerospace industry

Close to 100 delegates from 16 countries representing 25 unions met for the two-day aerospace world conference in Berlin in the first days of July. The theme was building stronger unions and confronting global capital in the growing industry.

Jürgen Kerner, Treasurer of IG Metall welcomed the delegates to Germany and expressed solidarity with the global family of aerospace workers.

As part of the opening ceremony, Holger Schilenkamp, German Federal Ministry Economic Affairs and Energy, underlined the importance of what in Germany is called co-determination, saying it is in the interest of both workers and employers.

In his opening statement, Tom Buffenbarger, Vice-President of IndustriALL, President of IAMAW, and Chair of IndustriALL’s aerospace sector, said that the global industry is at a cross roads and must choose between two paths:

“One is where workers are forced to give up the fundamental right to strike and where workers are blamed for management failures.

“The other embraces aerospace unions, where management recognizes the value of a unionized workforce able to freely engage in collective bargaining.”

In the USA and Canada alone, more than 600,000 aerospace jobs, nearly 50 per cent of the sector workforce, have disappeared in the last 20 years. As in many other industries, aerospace companies are increasingly relying on contract workers.

During the two days’ panel debates, participants discussed ways of defending workers’ rights and countering anti-union activities. Global framework agreements (GFAs) were recognized as an important tool for strengthening labour rights in the sector.

"We must demand aerospace companies to enter into global agreements which honour international labour standards," said Tom Buffenbarger.

Plan for action

Participants agreed to launch a number of company networks, to exchange information but also to build workers’ solidarity in the sector.

An action plan was adopted with concrete steps to confront global capital, defend workers’ rights, fight precarious work, and ensure sustainable industrial employment.

The world conference also adopted a resolution reiterating IndustriALL’s stance of solidarity with workers of affiliated unions who are facing prison for striking in 2010.

IndustriALL assistant general secretary Kemal Özkan said:

“We will continue to organize workers and support our unions in the aerospace sector. In a global industry, we are fighting austerity while defending and advancing workers’ rights.

“Workers’ rights are non-negotiable and we must find solutions that protect all workers in all parts of the global supply chain.”

The conference re-elected Tom Buffenbarger to leadership of the section together with an action group that will play a role in implementing the action plan with the secretariat.

Morocco: IndustriALL family continues to grow

Formed by 2000 delegates, 60 local and regional unions, 22 sectorial federations, youth and women organizations and 36 national unions, the congress of the UMT was held under the motto of "our revitalized and united struggle continues for a society of freedom, democracy and social justice”.

The large event also welcomed important political figures and international delegates with an intensive debate on international matters and strategic issues affecting daily lives and the future of Moroccan workers. The delegates underlined the importance of the regional, national and international environment characterized by significant economic and political changes that negatively impact on the social rights and gains of the workers, requiring the trade union movement to follow new strategies.

During the Arab uprisings over the last couple of years, Morocco has remained a relatively stable country and continued to attract foreign investment, particularly in IndustriALL sectors. Some of the most prominent auto companies such as Renault have been settled in the country as an important base of manufacturing. The French company’s large investment in the town of Melloussa, close to Tangiers, manufactures low-cost cars under the Dacia and Renault brands at the plant. Likewise another French-based auto giant PSA Peugeot Citroen has an engineering centre in Morocco to increase its footprint in the region.

Another important booming sector is reported to be Aerospace which already received major multinational companies’ attention such as Boeing, Safran, Airbus, Bombardier and United Technologies. According to the information provided, the current level of direct employment in the sector will be doubled by the year 2020. There are many other global companies in the country such as Delphi, Leoni, Dell, GDF Suez, Total.

While multinational companies arrive in the country and entrepreneurs accrued benefits after economic liberalization over the last decade, Moroccan unions keep up uniting their forces against low wages, deterioration in working conditions and rampant disrespect for fundamental trade union rights. Recently three national centers UMT (Union Marocaine du Travail), Confédération Démocratique du Travail (CDT) and Fédération Démocratique du Travail (FDT) joined their forces to exert pressure on the government for defending and advancing workers’ rights and interests.

Until the end of 2014, IndustriALL had two affiliates from UMT and one from CDT. The IndustriALL Executive Committee accepted four more affiliates from CDT in its meeting in December 2014. IndustriALL’s Moroccan affiliates already formed a National Council to coordinate their actions at international level. The active networks for women and youth groups are working in concrete cooperation to increase these special groups’ weight inside the sectorial organizations.

IndustriALL met with all its current and potential affiliates individually and through the National Affiliates’ Council. The number of members of IndustriALL Global Union will increase very soon since the potential unions organizing important multinational such as Renault, Peugeot, Leoni, Total are about to finalize their membership processes. The National Affiliates’ Council raised the common request on working actively on union organizing, precarious work and industrial policy. IndustriALL will also do particular activity on auto and aerospace industries.

“Moroccan unions have great potential for union cooperation and international solidarity,” said Kemal Özkan, Assistant General Secretary of IndustriALL Global Union. “Such activism, militancy and spirit of struggle in all our discussions is really promising and encouraging. I believe involvement and integration of women and youth in Moroccan unions is exemplary”.